Exertion of human effort through which the natural environment is altered.
The elements of the labor-process are:
1. the personal activity of a person (effort);
2. the subject of labor (what is being changed), and;
3. the instruments of labor.
The subjects and instruments of labor together comprise the means of production.
Labor uses up both its subject and its instruments (“digests” them) to produce the product. So long as the product exists at the end of the labor process, this is sometimes called productive consumption.
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