{"id":41,"date":"2023-05-13T14:24:28","date_gmt":"2023-05-13T14:24:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/?page_id=41"},"modified":"2023-05-23T19:42:47","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T19:42:47","slug":"the-fundamentals-of-marxism-leninism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/index\/marxism-leninism\/the-fundamentals-of-marxism-leninism\/","title":{"rendered":"The Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This book was originally compiled by Otto Wille Kuusinen, an Old Bolshevik. We are indebted to his work, the work of the translators, and the work of the anonymous Communists on the internet who made the book available through pdf format.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/preface-to-the-second-edition\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"81\">Preface to the Second Edition<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/introductory-remarks\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"79\">Introductory Remarks<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART ONE: THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE MARXIST-LENINIST WORLD OUTLOOK<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"83\">Chapter 1. Philosophical Materialism<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-1\" data-type=\"post\">The Development of Progressive Materialist Science in Struggle Against Reaction and Ignorance<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-2\" data-type=\"post\">Materialism and Idealism<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s2sub1\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s2sub1\">Spontaneous Materialism<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s2sub2\">Materialism\u2014a Progressive Philosophy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s2sub3\">Dialectical and Historical Materialism\u2014the Highest Stage in the Development of Philosophical Thought<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-3\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-3\">The Philosophical Concept of Matter<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-4\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-4\">Universal Forms of the Existence of the Material World<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s4sub1\">Eternal Motion in Nature<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s4sub2\">Forms of Motion of Matter<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s4sub3\">Space and Time<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s4sub4\">Attempts to Deny the Objective Existence of Space and Time<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-5\">Consciousness\u2014a Property of Matter Organised in a Special Way<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s5sub1\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s5sub1\">Thinking\u2014a Result of the Evolution of Living Matter<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s5sub2\">The Role of Labour and Speech in the Development of Human Thought<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s5sub3\">Consciousness Is a Property of the Brain<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-6\">Opponents of Philosophical Materialism<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s6sub1\">Objective Idealism<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s6sub2\">Subjective Idealism<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s6sub3\">The Attempt to Lay Down a &#8220;Third&#8221; Line In Philosophy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s6sub4\">Roots of Idealism<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-7\">Contemporary Bourgeois Philosophy<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s7sub1\">Philosophy Against Reason<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s7sub2\">Pseudo-&#8220;Philosophy of Science&#8221;<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#s7sub3\">Revival of Medieval Scholasticism<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/philosophical-materialism\/#section-8\">Towards a Scientific World Outlook<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/\">Chapter 2. Materialist Dialectics<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1\">The Universal Connection of Phenomena<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss1\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss1\">The Connection of Cause and Effect<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss2\">Against the Idealist Conception of Causality<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss3\">Interaction<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss4\">Necessity and Law<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss5\">Necessity and Accident<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s1ss6\">Determinism and Modern Science<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2\">Quantitative and Qualitative Change in Nature and Society<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2ss1\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2ss1\">Qualitative and Quantitative Definiteness of Things<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2ss2\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2ss2\">Quantitative Changes Turn into Qualitative Ones<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2ss3\">What is a Leap?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s2ss4\">Against the Metaphysical Notion of Development<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3\">Division into Opposites Is the Chief Source of Development<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3ss1\">A Note on the History of Dialectics<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3ss2\">Dialectical Contradiction and Its Universal Character<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3ss3\">Development as the Struggle of Opposites<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3ss4\">Contradiction Is Always Concrete<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3ss5\">Antagonistic and Non-Antagonistic Contradictions<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s3ss6\">Bourgeois Ideologists Distort Dialectics<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s4\">Dialectical Development from the Lower to the Higher<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s4ss1\">Dialectical Negation<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s4ss2\">Continuity in Development<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s4ss3\">The Progressive Nature of Development<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s5\">Dialectics as a Method of Cognition and Transformation of the World<\/a>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s5ss1\">Importance of Dialectics for Science and Practice<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/chapter-2-materialist-dialectics\/#s5ss2\">The Creative Application of Dialectics<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 3. The Theory of Knowledge<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Practice Is the Basis and the Purpose of Cognition\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Unity of Theory and Practice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Knowledge Is the Reflection of the Objective World\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Against Agnosticism<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Theory of Truth\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Objective Truth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Process of Cognition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sensations Are Images of Things and of Their Properties<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thought Is Cognition of the Essence of Phenomena<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Infinite Cognition of the Infinite World<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Absolute and Relative Truth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Dialectical Unity of Absolute and Relative Truth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Truth is Concrete<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Importance of the Marxist Theory of Truth for Science and Practice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Practice Is the Criterion of Truth\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pragmatism is the &#8220;Philosophy of Advantageousness&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Necessity and Human Freedom<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART TWO: THE MATERIALIST CONCEPTION OF HISTORY<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 4. The Essence of Historical Materialism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A Revolutionary Upheaval in Man&#8217;s View of Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Mode of Production as the Material Basis of the Life of Society\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How Production Develops<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interaction of Productive Forces and Productive Relations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basis and Superstructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>History as the Development and Change of Socio-Economic Formations\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Primitive-Communal System<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Slave System<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Feudal System<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Capitalist System<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Socialist System<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Laws of History and Man&#8217;s Conscious Activity\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>How Social Laws Operate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Role of Ideas in the Development of Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spontaneity and Consciousness in Social Development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mastery of the Laws of Social Development<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bankruptcy of Bourgeois Society\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fear of the Laws of History<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Description Instead of Explanation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Search for a Generalising Theory<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Significance of the Materialist Conception of History for Other Social Sciences and for Social Practice\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Historical Materialism and the Social Sciences<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scientific Prevision<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Historical Materialism and the Practical Activity of the Working-Class Movement<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 5. Classes, Class Struggle and the State<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Essence of Class Distinctions and of the Relations Between Classes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The State as an Instrument of Class Domination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Class Struggle as the Driving Force of the Development of an Exploiting Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Basic Forms of the Class Struggle of the Proletariat<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 6. The Role of the Masses and the Individual in History<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Masses Are the Makers of History<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Role of the Individual in History<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Role of the Masses in Socio-Political Life at the Present Time<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 7. Social Progress<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Progressive Character of Social Development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Social Progress in an Exploiting Society and Under Socialism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marxism-Leninism and the Ideals of Social Progress<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART THREE: POLITICAL ECONOMY OF CAPITALISM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 8. Pre-Monopoly Capitalism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Rise of Capitalist Relations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Commodity Production, Commodities, Law of Value and Money<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Theory of Surplus-Value Is the Corner-Stone of Marx&#8217;s Economic Doctrine<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wages<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Growth of Profit \u2013 Aim and Limit of Capitalist Production<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Capitalist Development in Agriculture, Ground Rent<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reproduction of Social Capital and Economic Crises<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Ge General Law of Capitalist Accumulation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 9. Imperialism, the Highest and Last Stage of Capitalism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Imperialism as Monopoly Capitalism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Imperialism Is Parasitic or Decaying Capitalism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Imperialism Is Moribund Capitalism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Beginning of the General Crisis of Capitalism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 10. Present-Day Imperialism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Further Development of the General Crisis of Capitalism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>State-Monopoly Capitalism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is Capitalism Getting Rid of Economic Crises?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aggravation and Extension of Class Antagonisms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Final Rung in the Historical Ladder of Capitalism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART FOUR: THEORY AND TACTICS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST MOVEMENT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 11. The Historic Mission of the Working Class<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Working Class Is the Liberator of the Working People<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Growth of the Importance of the Working Class and of Its Social and Political Role<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Community of Interests of the Working Class and All Working People<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Internationalism Is a Source of the Strength of the Working-Class Movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obstacles and Difficulties Hindering the Development of the Working-Class Movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A Class of Fighters, a Class of Builders<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 12. The Great October Socialist Revolution\u2014a Turning Point in the History of Mankind<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Vanguard Role of the Russian Working Class<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The World&#8217;s First Socialist Revolution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Powerful Impulse to the Revolutionary, Working-Class Movement in Other Countries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Influence of the October Revolution on the National-Liberation Movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Vanguard and Bulwark of the World Socialist Movement<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 13. The Marxist-Leninist Party and Its Role in the Workers&#8217; Class Struggle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What Party Does the Working Class Need?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Democratic Centralism in the Structure and Life of the Party<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Living Ties of the Party, with the Broad Masses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marxist-Leninist Policy as Science and Art<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Need to Fight Right-Wing Opportunism and Sectarianism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>International Character of the Communist Movement<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 14. Policy of Unity of Action of the Working Class and All Democratic Forces of the People<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Unity of the Working Class Is the Imperative Need at the Present Time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Who Hampers the Establishment of Working-Class Unity of Action<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ways and Means of Attaining Unity of Action in the Working-Class Movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Policy of Democratic Unity<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 15. Alliance of the Working Class and Peasantry Under Capitalism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Struggle for the Interests of the Peasantry<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Communists Are Defenders of the Vital Interests of the Peasant Masses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What a Victory of the Working Class Offers the Peasants<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 16. The National-Liberation Movement of the Peoples Against Imperialism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rise of the National-Liberation Movement and the Break-up of the Colonial System<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Main Achievements of the National-Liberation Revolutions in Asia, Africa and Latin America<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Immediate Prospects of Historical Development of the Countries Liberated from Colonial Oppression<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Imperialism Is the Chief Enemy of the Liberated Countries and Peoples Struggling for Their Independence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The World Socialist System Is a Bulwark of the Peoples in the Struggle Against Colonialism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 17. The Struggle of the Peoples of Capitalist Countries to Safeguard Their Sovereignty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aggravation of the Problem of Sovereignty in the Era of Imperialism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cosmopolitanism and Not Patriotism Is the Ideology of the Imperialist Bourgeoisie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Defence of Sovereignty Corresponds to the Interests of All the Sound Forces of a Nation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 18. Struggle in Defence of Democracy in the Bourgeois Countries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lenin on the Need to Fight for Democracy Under Capitalism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Offensive of the Capitalist Monopolies Against the Democratic Rights of the Working People<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unity of the Democratic Forces is an Indispensable Condition for Victory Over Reaction and Fascism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 19. The Danger of War and the Struggle of the Peoples for Peace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Modern Imperialism Jeopardises the Fate of Entire Countries and Peoples<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The International Working Class in the Struggle Against the War Danger<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Defence of Peace Is the Most Important Democratic Task<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Possibilities for Preventing War in Our Time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic Principles of Peace Policy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ways and Forms of the Struggle Against the War Danger<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 20. On Various Forms of Transition to a Socialist Revolution<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Development of Class Antagonisms Makes a Proletarian Revolution Inevitable<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Democratic Movements of Our Time and the Socialist Revolution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ripening of the Conditions for the Proletarian Revolution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Transfer of Power to the Working Class<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic Regularities of the Socialist Revolution and Their Specific Manifestations in Different Countries<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PART FIVE: SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 21. Dictatorship of the Proletariat and Proletarian Democracy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Historical Necessity for the Dictatorship of the Proletariat in the Transition Period<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proletarian Democracy Is a New Type of Democracy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diverse Forms of Proletarian Dictatorship<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 22. The Main Economic Tasks in the Transition Period from Capitalism to Socialism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What Working-Class Power Starts With<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ways of Abolishing Multiplicity of Economic Forms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Socialist Industrialism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Results of the Transition Period<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 23. Main Features of the Socialist Mode of Production<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Social Property and Its Forms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Main Purpose of Socialist Production<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Planned Development of the National Economy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Commodity Production and the Law of Value in Socialist Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Labour Under Socialism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Socialist Extended Reproduction<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 24. Social Relations and Culture in Socialist Society<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Socialist Democracy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Friendship of the Peoples of Socialist Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Culture of Socialist Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Socialism and the Individual<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Driving Forces of the Development of Socialist Society<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 25. The World Socialist System<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Historical Features of the Formation of the World Socialist System<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Principles of Relations Between Socialist States (Socialist Internationalism)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Development of World Socialist Economy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Economic Relations of the Socialist Countries with Other Countries<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 26. The Period of Transition from Socialism to Communism<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Leninist General Line of the Party at the New Stage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Creating the Material and Technical Basis of Communism<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improvement of the People&#8217;s Well-Being, Creation of the Conditions for Transition to the Communist Principle of Distribution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Building a Classless Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Further Development of Socialist Democracy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Towards Ever Closer Association of the Nations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Communist Education of the Working People<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Marxist-Leninist Party in the Period of Full-Scale Communist Construction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>International Significance of Communist Construction in the U.S.S.R.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chapter 27. On Communist Society<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A Society of Universal Sufficiency and Abdundance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>From Each According to His Ability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To Each According to His Needs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Free Man in the Free Society<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Peace and Friendship, Co-operation and Rapprochement of the Peoples<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Future Prospects of Communism<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">List of Quoted Literature<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/preface-to-the-second-edition\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"81\">Preface to the Second Edition&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This book was originally compiled by Otto Wille Kuusinen, an Old Bolshevik. We are indebted to his work, the work of the translators, and the work of the anonymous Communists on the internet who made the book available through pdf format. Preface to the Second Edition Introductory Remarks PART ONE: THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":37,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-41","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203,"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41\/revisions\/203"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unity-struggle-unity.org\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}